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Limca World Records of Indians
PART - 3
Part - 1 Part - 2 Part - 4 Part - 5
| WR: Use Of Sines and Cosines in Place of Chords |
| In a major contribution to trigonometry, Indian mathematicians changed the use of chords to sines and coines, making the system more convenient and the various theorems on triangles much neater. |
| WR: Earliest Magic Squares |
| The earliest magic squares (4x4) are found in Kaksaputta, a text written by chemist and philosopher Nagarjuna in 1A.D. They were called 'Nagarjuna' in his honour. |
| WR: Brahmagupta-Bhaskara Equation |
| Brahmagupta(598-660) had nearly solved the in terminate equation known as the Pell equation. Bhaskara had improved upon the solution long before the Western mathematicians solved it. |
| WR: First Use of Zero |
| Brahmagupta (598-660) was the first mathematician to threat zero as a number and show its mathematical operations. Bhaskaracharya (1114) was the first to understand mathematical implications by stating 'any non-zero value divided by zero is infinite'. |
| WR: Earliest Decimal System |
| Medhatithi (2C) first propounded the concept of counting numbers in powers of ten and was able to state very high numerals in a systematic manner |
| WR: Earliest Math Series |
| Arithmetic and geometric series occur in Vedic literature as early as 2000 B.C. They are mentioned in Taittriya-samhita and Panchavimsa Brahmana. |
| WR: First Use of Gregory Series |
| Nilkantha of Kunda, Kerala first used the Tantra-sangraha in 1502, an equation employed to give approximate values of pi(22/7). It is now known as the Gregory series after James Gregory (1638-75) |
| WR: First Astonomers |
| Aryabhatta (476-1743) was the first astronomer to state that the earth is round and it rotates on its own axis, travelling around the sun, causing day and night. |
| WR: Highest Observatory |
| The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO), Hanle at Diagaparatsa Ri atop Mt Saraswati in Ladakh with a two meter optical-infrared telescope designed for remote operation is built at a height of 4,470 m above sea level.Set up by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIAP) |
| WR: Largest Meter-Wave Radio Telescope |
| The Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT), an indigenous project at Khodad, nere Pune, Maharashtra started functioning on Nov.30, 1999. Built by the National Center for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA). |
| WR: First Weather-Cum-Communications |
| INSAT-IA was the world's first weather-cum-communication satellite. It was launched by an American Delta rocket on April 10, 1982. |
| WR: Earliest Atomic Theory |
| Kanada who lived around 6th century b.c. composed the Vaiseshika Sutra in which he explored the relationship between cause and effect for the first time. |
| WR: Largest Solar Cooker |
| Shirin and Deepak Gadhia devised a giant solar cooker which can cater to 10,000 people at a time.The cooker has 84 solar dishes and a surface of 840 sq m. |
| WR: First Seismological Zones |
| Varahamihira, a sixth century astronomer and scientist, was the first to mention seismological zones and the most earthquake prone regions in his treatiseBrihatsamhita |
| WR: Earliest Zinc Artifact |
| An artifact (No.4189) containing 6.04% zinc was found at the Harappan site at Lothal (2200-1500 B.C.), in Gujrat |
| WR:First Underwater Mining system |
| Nationl Institute of Ocean Technology, Chenai,in collaboration with the University of Siegen, Germany, devised an underwater mining vehicle called the Crawler,which extracts mineral rich poly-metallic nodules from the ocean floor. |
| WR: First Bamboo Tissue Culture |
| A.F.Mascarenhas, R.S. Nadgauda and V.A. Parashami of the National Chemical Lboratory, Pune successfully produced tissue culture of bamboo in their laboratory in 1990 |
| WR: Discovery of Seminal Plasmin |
| Pushpa M. Bhargava and E.S.R. Reddy of the Regional Research laboratory, Hyderabad discovered the protein seminal plasmin in the seminal fluid of the bull in 1979. |
| WR: First Clone of Hepatitis-E Virus |
| Professor of Pathology, Dr S.K. Panda and a team of scientists at AIIMS, New Delhi developed the genetically engineered clone of Hepatitis-E virus in 1996. |
| WR: Highest Blood Collection In a Camp |
| Lok Samarpan Raktadan Kendra of Surat conducted a blood donation camp on April 4, 1999in which 8, 008 units of blood were collected from 8,000 donors. |
| WR: Most Eye Operations |
| Dr Murugappa Chennaveerappa Modi affectionately called Kannu Kotta Anna,'brother who gives sight' has performed more than 5,95,019 eye operations and examined 10,094,632 patients since 1943. |
| WR: First Early Detection Cardiac Center |
| A Novel combination of twin machines, the ultra fast spiral CT with smart score and the Cardiac MRI to increase sensitivity and specificity of packing up early coronary artery disease was inaugurated on May 15, 2000 at the Escort's Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi. |
| WR: Largest Crater |
| The Lonar meteorite crater in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra measures 1,800 m across. It is 170 m deep, with the rim rising to 20 m 65.6 ft above the surrounding area. |
| WR: Largest Delta |
| The combined Ganga and Brahmaputra delta basin in West Bengal and Bangladesh covers 75,000 sq km (30,000 sq m.) |
| WR: Maximum Trees Planted |
| To commemorate the World Environment Day on june 5, 1998, Sahara India Housing Ltd, planted 1,25,256salins of 63 different species in 6 hr 35 min at their project site at Amby Valley near Lonavala, Maharashtra. The entire exercise was completed between 9a.m and 3.35 p.m. |
| WR: Largest Teak Tree |
| In 1951, a 680-year-old teak tree with a grith of 7.6 m (25 ft) was felled in kakankote forest of Mysore. The lowest branches were 20 m (66 ft) above ground and it yielded 659 cu ft of timber. |
| WR: Largest Tree Canopy |
| A Banyan tree discovered in 1988 by photographers Regret Iyer and K.S. Ramakrishana of Bangalore in the Thimmamma Marrimanu village in the Anantpur district of Andra Pradesh has a canopy that covers an area of 2.1 hectares and over 1,100-odd prop roots |
| WR: Largest Fruit |
| Fruits of the Jackfruit tree Artocarpus integrifolia weigh on an average 10 kg. |
| WR: Smallest Blooms |
| Pilea microphylla, an artillery plant has blooms whose diameter is only 1/72 of an inch. |
| WR: Largest Rhododendron |
| The scarlet rhododendron arboreum found on Mount Japfu of nagaland reaches heights of over 20 m 65 ft. |
| WR: Langur Qoadruplet Birth |
| Normally monkeys give birth to one or at the outside, two offspring. However in march 2000 a Hanuman Langur in Jodhpur gave birth to quadruplets, something that has never happened before. |
| WR: Largest Monkey |
| The Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca nemestrina of the Nagma Hills has a dog-like muzzle and in Malaysia, it is trained to climb palms and throw down coconuts. |
| WR: Longest Quills |
| The quills of the Indian porcupine Hysterix indica are over 35 cm in length. |
| WR: Most Tiger Death |
| July 4, 2000. Nandan Kumar near Bhubaneswar, Orissa, one of India's premier zoological institutions and home to the world's largest population of white tigers woke to find ten tigers seven white and three Royal Bengal -grievously ill or dead. |
| WR: Skinned Alive |
| Thirteen-month -old Royal Bengal tigress Sakhi had been dragged out of her brother who was traumatised by what he saw. It was obviously an inside job as the heavily secured cages had been easily broken into. |
| WR: Smallest Snake Lizard |
| The glass snake Ophisaurus gracilis of N.E. India reaches a length of 37 cm. |
| WR: Turtle Fossils |
| Dr Hugh Falconer discovered 2 m long fossils of the chelonian Collossochelys atlas (c. 7-12 million years) in the Shivalik Hills in 1837. In 1923, Dr Barnum Browm, curator of the Fossil Reptiles at the American Museun of Natural History .New York discovered the first complete skull in the same locality that measured 2.23 m long over the curve and 1.52 m wide. |
| WR: Largest Turtle Rookery |
| Gahirmatha beach in Orissa is one of the largest rookies that witnesses an arribaba (Spanish for 'The Coming) of an estimated 1,30,000 Olive Ridley turtles to mate and nest. |
| WR: Largest Carp |
| Of the 2500 species in the order Cypriniformes, the Himalayan Msahaseer Tor tor, which grows to a length of six feet, is the largest. |
| WR: Largest Land Crab |
| The Coconut Robber Crab Birgus latro found on South Sentinel Island is a hermit crab measuring 45 cm in length and weighing 2 to 7 kg. |
| WR: Largest Mantis Shrimp |
| Mud Shrimps Thalassinoidea can move large quantities of mud to form mounds about 2 m high and over 20 m wide in or near mangrove forests. |
| WR: First Flight |
| Megapodes, of which one species is found in India, can fly within hours of hatching from the egg! |
| WR: Only Arboreal Pheasant nests |
| Tragopans, of which four species are found in the Himalayas and N.E. India, are the only pheasants that nest in trees. |
| WR: Largest/smallest Grebes |
| The Great crested Grebe podiceps cristatus of N. India measures 50 cm. It is also found in Europe, Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The Dabchick or Little Grebe podiceps ruficollis measures 23 cm. |
| WR: Largest Passerine |
| The Raven Corvus corax that measures about 70 cm is the largest passerine or songbird in the world. |
| WR: Smallest Passerine |
| The Goldcrest Regulus, which occurs in the Himalayas and Europe, measures 3 inches and weighs 0.2 ounces or 5.7 gm. |
| WR: Tallest Crane |
| There are about 15 species of crane in the world and of these six are found in India. The Sarus Crane Grus antigone is the tallest at 1.52 m (4.99 ft) |
| WR: Longest Constitution |
| The Constitution of India contains 395 articles in 22 Parts. There are 12 Schedules of which the ninth was added by the First Amendment in 1951 and the 11th and 12th by the 73rd and 74th Amendments in 1992 |
| WR: Largest Elections |
| Conducting General Elections to the Lok Sabha involves over 61-crore electorate voting in about 8,50,000 polling stations spread across varying geographic and climatic zones. The paper used only for the printing of ballot papers in 1999 general elections exceeded 7,700 metric tonnes. |
| WR: Largest Constituency |
| outer Delhi palimentary constituency (PC) had 31,01,838 registered votes during the 1999 Lok Sabha elections, followed by 10-Thane of Maharashtra with 27,71,746 voters. By area: Jammu & kashmir and Ladhak, with an area of 96,707 sq km but just 1.3 lakh voters. |
| WR: Party With Most Votes |
| Assassination of Indra Gandhi, Congress (I) secured a record 11,52,21,078 votes (78.5% of the total votes polled) and won 412 out of parliamentary seats in the Dec. 1984 elections. |
| WR: First Elected Communist Government |
| E.M.S. Namboodiripad headed the first Communist government that came to power through the ballot box in kerala on April 5, 1957. |
| WR: Most Times In The Assembly |
| Choudhury Prem Singh of Delhi Legislative Assembly has represented Dr Ambedkar Nagar constituency for 42 years, winning the seat on the Congress party ticket. |
| WR: Mass Death Sentences |
| In a landmark trial Special Judge V. Navaneetham, hearing the Rajiv Gandhi's assassination case sentenced all 26 accused (including 16 Sri Lankans ) to death on Jan.28, 1998 at the end of the six-and-a -half year-long investigation and judicial process carried out by the Special Investing Team. |
| WR: Women's Paramilitary Battalion |
| A paramilitary force comprising entirely of women was set up by the Central Reseve Police Force (CRPF). The 88th Battalion of the CRPF, known as the Mahila Battalion was commissioned on March 30, 1986. |
| WR: Largest Metro Police |
| Delhi Police with three ranges, in districts, 123 stations and 57,497-strong force is larger than that of Londan, Paris, New Your or Tokyo. |
|
WR: Largest Importer of Gold |
| India imported gold worth $ 6.7 bin in 1998-99, making gold the second highest value commodity after fuel. |
| WR: Largest Public Distribution System Network |
| India has 4,20,000 ration shops under its public distribution system (PDS). Uttar Pradesh with 80,000 outlets tops the list. |
| WR: First Cotton Mill |
| Bombay Spinning and Weaving Co. Ltd, Mumbai was set up by Cowasjee nanabhoy davar in 1851 and regular operations commenced in 1851 and regular operations commenced in 1854. Equipped with 5,000 spindles, The company was so sucessful that a dividend of Rs1,000 was paid on each share of Rs.5,000. |
| WR: First Jute Mill |
| George Auckland established Wellington Jute Mill in Rishra in West Bengal in 1855 as Rishra Twine and Yarn Mills Ltd. The mill had an output of 8 tonnes a day. |
| WR: First Tea Company |
| The first company to commercialise tea was the Alubari Tea Company in 1856 |
| WR: Worst Industrial Disaster |
| The Bhopal gas tragedy on the night of Dec.2-3, 1984 in which MIC gas leaked from the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal spread over the city, killed more than 4,000 people and seriously affected many more thousands. |
| WR: Largest Order For V-Sat |
| Hughes Escorts received the world's largest order for 50,000 V-sates from skumars.com, a deal close to Rs 400 crore. |
| WR: Largest processor of diamonds |
| India is the world's largest processor as well as the world's largest exporter of finished diamonds. |
| WR: Oldest Recorded Language |
| Sanskrit, the Indo-Aryan language is perhaps the oldest recorded language of the world, Rig Veda being the first Sanskrit prevalent during 2000-500 B.C.-1000 A.D. and later into modern Sanskrit. |
| WR: Oldest Living Language |
| Tamil represents certain literary types not found in Sanskrit or other Aryan languages and traces its history to Tolkappiyam, the earliest extant manuscript of Tamil grammer, dated 500 B.C. |
| WR: Most Languages/Dialects |
| Of the 7,000 languages and dialects spoken in the world, 845 are Indian |
| WR: Longest Epic |
| The Maharahtra, composed by Veda Vyasa around 1000 B.C chronicles the battle between the children of two brothers, pandu and Dhritarashtra, in more than 1,00,000 slokas. |
| WR: Longest English Novel |
| Vikram Seth's A Suitable Boy (1993) exceeds 5,00,000 words and comprises 1,349 pages and is said to be the century's longest novel in english. |
| WR: Most Prolific Nonfiction Writer |
| The late Osho Rajneesh is credited with over 650 books translated into 32 languages making a total of 1, 150 published titles. |
| WR: Highest Prize Money |
| The Onassis Award of $ 250,000 for Manjula Padmanabhan's Harvest in 1997 is the highest prize money awarded to any work of fiction-travel, short story, play or poem. Manjula's play was selcted out of1,460 entries from 76 countries. |
| WR: Longest Flute |
| Dinesh Shadilya of Agra, U.P. has made and plays a flute, over 5 ft long and 3.5 inches in diameter. He also plays the smallest flute which is 4.5 inches long |
| WR: Longest Innings as Conducter |
| Western music maestro Zubin Mehta spent over 13 years with the New York.The 1990-91 season was his last with the 150- members orchestra. |
| WR: Most Attended Concert |
| The free open -air classical music concert conducted by Zubin Mehta at the Great Lawn in Central Park, New York City,U.S.A. on July 5, 1986 had an estimated audience of about 80,000 people. |
| WR: Longest Harmonium Recital |
| Shrushtee Thakkar, a ten-year-old schoolgirl from Baroda, Gujarat played the harmonium non-stop for 14 hours. The performance took place in Mumbai on Dec. 30,1999. |
| WR: Most Spectacular Raas Garba |
| Jamnagar Municiple Corporation organised the largest Raas Garba called Lakhota Raas Garba called Lakhota Raas Garba Mahotsav on Sept. 27, 2000 in the sylvan srroundings of Lakhota lake. |
| WR: Thickest Make-up |
| 'Chutti', used in Kathakali, is a three dimensional mask-like attachment made up of rice paste and paper that often extends up to 15 cm (6 in) from the face. |
| WR: Shortest Play |
| S.L.N. Swamy's Kannada play Anu was performed at Banglore on Augest 15, 1999 in 24:13 seconds. A chorus of 22 artistes came on stage at 11.45 a.m. and finished 25 seconds later! |
| WR: Longest Running Mono-play |
| Aurangabad-based writer-director-actor, Dr Laxman Deshpande with his one act Marathi Satire Varhad Nighalaya Londonla. His first performance of the play was in 1979 at Mumbai and since then there have been 1960 performances. Dr Deshpande plays 52 characters in the three-hour play and brings to life three generations and two countries without any background music or props. |
| WR: Most Visually Challanged In a Play |
| Journalist-turned-director Swagat Thorat and the 88 students from the Pune School for the Blind staged a one-act play, Swatantryachi Yashogatha, on August 2, 1997 at Pune. The play portrayed the nation's struggle for Independence. Swagat Thrat again directed 44 visually impaired adults to act P.L. Deshpade's Teen Paisyacha Tamasha, an adaption of Bertolt Bercht's Three-Penny Opera. |
| WR: Longest Silk Scroll Painting |
| Sanat Chatterjee of Lucknow has done a 100ft x 11ft silk scroll painting, titled. |
| WR: Heaviest Metal Statue |
| The statue of Adinath Bhagwan at Amarkantak in school, Madhya Pradesh weighs 24 tonnes. Made of an alloy of eight metals, the statue is 9 ft wide, 10 ft high and 6 ft 3 in thick. |
| WR: Heaviest Single-Stone Shikhara |
| The 80-tonne single piece granite shikhara atop the Brihadeshwara temple at Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu is a marvel of engineering technique.It is the first temple in the world built with granite. |
| WR: Only freestanding rock-cut structures |
| The temples and statues on the sand shore at Mamallapuram are carved directly from freestanding masses of granite rocks. |
| WR: The Millennium Scenario |
| India produces the highest number of feature films per year from eight centres in a record 30 languages and dialects. In 87 year between 1912 and 1999,India produced 31, 264 feature films, both silent and talkies, of which Hindi films comprise 8,566. The 764 films produced in 1999. |
| WR: Most Prolific Hero |
| Prem Nazir played lead roles in over 600 films, starting with the Malayalam film Marumakal at the age of 22. Nazir has acted in all four south Indian regional films and was honoured with a Padma Bhushan. |